conjunctivitis

The conjunctiva is the clear mucous membrane layer covering the white portion of the eye. It extends under the eyelid where it turns back and becomes the underneath mucous membrane lining of the upper and lower lids. When this membrane becomes inflamed, it is called conjunctivitis.

 

Symptoms of conjunctivitis can include:

 

Symptoms vary, depending on the cause. For instance, a colored discharge from the eye usually indicates a bacterial infection. However, when itching and tearing are the main symptoms, allergies are the most likely cause. With viral conjunctivitis, there is usually no discharge, but there may be redness and tearing.

 

Conjunctivitis can be caused by a number of factors, including:

 

Conjunctivitis cannot always be prevented. Some helpful measures include: avoiding makeup, towels, linens, and other objects from an infected individual practicing good lid hygiene, by rubbing the eyelids without soap under the water stream when showering using good handwashing when coming into contact with a child or adult who has conjunctivitis using safety glasses during work or hobbies in which debris is flying around in the air

Diagnosis of conjunctivitis begins with a medical history and physical exam. The healthcare professional may use a slit-lamp microscope to examine the eye. This instrument magnifies the surface of the eye.

If the infection spreads to the eyelids, more serious problems such as cellulitis could occur. Cellulitis is an infection that can lead to abscesses, or pus pockets, and tissue destruction. Cellulitis following conjunctivitis may occur in children and is accompanied by high fever. It is very rare in adults.