hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism is a disorder in which the body's natural processes have been abnormally "speeded up." It is caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormone.

 

The thyroid gland is a small endocrine gland located at the base of the neck. It produces thyroid hormone, which controls the processes that allow the body to transform food into energy and to rebuild cells. In a person with hyperthyroidism, the body produces too much thyroid hormone.

 

The symptoms of hyperthyroidism are caused by high levels of thyroid hormone. These symptoms can include:

 

Some people find it more difficult to tolerate heat. Some feel anxious or restless. Changes in fingernails and hair may be noticed. The heart may beat irregularly, or even become enlarged.

 

Hyperthyroidism is brought about by several different mechanisms. In some people, the immune system produces antibodies that activate and stimulate the thyroid gland. This causes the gland to produce excessive amounts of hormones. A common example of this is Graves' disease.

There is no known way to prevent hyperthyroidism.

The diagnosis of hyperthyroidism is based on a medical history, a physical exam and laboratory tests. The person is likely to mention several of the symptoms described above while an enlarged thyroid or abnormalities of the heartbeat may be evident on physical examination.