There is no way to prevent infertility, per se, because there are many factors that contribute to your ability to ovulate, conceive and carry a pregnancy to term. Likewise, your male partner also has numerous factors — natural and environmental — that can contribute to infertility. The condition is not exclusively a woman's problem. About one third of infertility cases involve male factor problems alone, and approximately one third of cases involve problems with both partners.

Infertility Factors in Women:

• Excessive, or very low, body fat, which can affect ovulation and fertility.

• Chronic, debilitating diseases, such as unregulated diabetes, lupus or thyroid problems, that can interfere with normal ovarian function. Also, some medications such as high-dose steroids, can interrupt ovulations. If you have a chronic condition, be sure to discuss it with your health care professional. Most women with chronic conditions can become pregnant, have a healthy pregnancy and deliver a healthy baby.

• Polycystic ovarian syndrome. Symptoms include lack of periods, excessive facial hair, weight gain and acne

• Treatment for abnormal pap smears, including cryosurgery or cone biopsy that can affect the structure of the cervix.